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DTSTART;TZID=America/New_York:20221103T130000
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DTSTAMP:20240215T094755Z
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SUMMARY:Force transmission informs the collective behavior of active cell layers
DESCRIPTION:Active Matter Seminar \nSpeaker: Siavash Monfared\, Niels Bohr Institute\, Copenhagen \nTitle: Force transmission informs the collective behavior of active cell layers \nAbstract: Collective cell migration drives numerous physiological processes such as tissue morphogenesis\, wound healing\, tumor progression and cancer invasion. However\, how the interplay of mechanical interactions and the modes of collective self-organization among cells informs such processes is yet to be established. In this talk\, I will focus on the role of three-dimensional force transmission\, from a theoretical and computational perspective\, on two phenomena: (1) cell extrusion from a cellular monolayer and (2) density-independent solid-like to fluid-like transition of active cell layers. For the first topic\, I will focus on how increasing cell-cell adhesion relative to cell-substrate adhesion enables cells to collectively exploit distinct mechanical pathways – leveraging defects in nematic and hexatic phases associated with cellular arrangement – to eliminate an unwanted cell. For the second topic\, I will show how solid-like to fluid-like transition in active cell layers is linked to the percolation of isotropic stresses. This is achieved via two distinct and independent paths to model this transition by increasing (a) cell-cell adhesion and (b) active traction forces. Additionally\, using finite-size scaling analyses\, the phase transition associated with each path is mapped onto the 2D site percolation universality class. Our results highlight the importance of force transmission in informing the collective behavior of living cells and opens the door to new sets of questions for those interested in connecting the physics of cellular self-organization to the dynamics of biological systems. \n 
URL:https://cmsa.fas.harvard.edu/event/am-113022/
LOCATION:CMSA Room G10\, CMSA\, 20 Garden Street\, Cambridge\, MA\, 02138\, United States
CATEGORIES:Active Matter Seminar
ATTACH;FMTTYPE=image/png:https://cmsa.fas.harvard.edu/media/CMSA-Active-Matter-Seminar-11.03.22.png
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SUMMARY:Dynamic and multicolor electron microscopy
DESCRIPTION:Active Matter Seminar\n\n\nSpeaker: Max Prigozhin (Harvard) \nTitle: Dynamic and multicolor electron microscopy \nAbstract: My lab is developing biophysical methods to achieve multicolor and dynamic biological imaging at the molecular scale. Our approach to capturing the dynamics of cellular processes involves cryo-vitrifying samples after known time delays following stimulation using custom cryo- plunging and high-pressure freezing instruments. To achieve multicolor electron imaging\, we are exploring the property of cathodoluminescence—optical emission induced by the electron beam. We are developing nanoprobes (“cathodophores”) that will be used as luminescent protein tags in electron microscopy. We are applying these new methods to study G-protein- coupled receptor signaling and to visualize the formation of biomolecular condensates.
URL:https://cmsa.fas.harvard.edu/event/am-111722/
LOCATION:CMSA Room G10\, CMSA\, 20 Garden Street\, Cambridge\, MA\, 02138\, United States
CATEGORIES:Active Matter Seminar
ATTACH;FMTTYPE=image/png:https://cmsa.fas.harvard.edu/media/CMSA-Active-Matter-Seminar-11.17.22.png
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