Title: A localized spacetime Penrose inequality and horizon detection with quasi-local mass
Aghil Alaee, Martin Lesourd, Shing-Tung Yau
Abstract: Our setting is a simply connected bounded domain with a smooth connected boundary, which arises as an initial data set for the general relativistic constraint equations satisfying the dominant energy condition. Assuming the domain to be admissible in a certain precise sense, we prove a localized spacetime Penrose inequality for the Liu-Yau and Wang-Yau quasi-local masses and the area of an outermost marginally outer trapped surface (MOTS). On the basis of this inequality, we obtain sufficient conditions for the existence and non-existence of a MOTS (along with outer trapped surfaces) in the domain, and for the existence of a minimal surface in its Jang graph, expressed in terms of various quasi-local mass quantities and the boundary geometry of the domain.
Title: Stability of a quasi-local positive mass theorem for graphical hypersurfaces of Euclidean space
Aghil Alaee, Armando J. Cabrera Pacheco, Stephen McCormick
Abstract: We present a quasi-local version of the stability of the positive mass theorem. We work with the Brown-York quasi-local mass as it possesses positivity and rigidity properties, and therefore the stability of this rigidity statement can be studied. Specifically, we ask if the Brown-York mass of the boundary of some compact manifold is close to zero, must the manifold be close to a Euclidean domain in some sense?
Here we consider a class of compact n-manifolds with boundary that can be realized as graphs in â„n+1, and establish the following. If the Brown-York mass of the boundary of such a compact manifold is small, then the manifold is close to a Euclidean hyperplane with respect to the Federer-Fleming flat distance.